Also, a black hole flip and warnings about the keto diet
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Science News Latest Headlines

by Victoria Jaggard, Executive Editor


September 25, 2025: A black hole defies expectations, the keto diet may have long-term risks and physics throws a curve at pro baseball. But first …

An aerial view of Santorini island in Greece

Two of Greece’s most dangerous volcanoes share an underground link


When an earthquake swarm rattled the island of Santorini earlier this year, Greek officials braced for the worst, since the quakes could have been harbingers of a volcanic eruption. No blast of lava ensued, but as Carolyn Gramling reports, the quakes did provide scientists with fresh data about the island’s fiery inner workings. Their analysis revealed that the magmatic plumbing feeding the Santorini volcano may also be supplying an underwater volcano called Kolumbo.


Why the fuss about Santorini? Among the world’s known volcanoes, Santorini stands out because it likely caused the fall of an entire civilization. A devastating eruption in 1560 B.C. triggered widespread damage that contributed to the end of the Minoans. Santorini is still active today, and a similar event would not bode well for the region’s modern inhabitants. Kolumbo is also an active threat, Gramling notes, with an eruption as recent as 1650.


What does this magma link mean? Since both Santorini and Kolumbo pose risks, they are each monitored for signs of impending activity. Quake swarms, for example, can signal an eruption is coming and provide enough advance warning for evacuations. But this newfound link complicates the picture, which means officials may need to invest in improved, high-resolution monitoring systems to help keep people safe.


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TOP HEADLINES

Staph bacteria are bad at letting go

Calcium, a mineral involved in wound healing, can strengthen the attachment between microbe and skin and make infections hard to shake.


Bats live with some viruses. But others can do them in

Bats can carry some deadly human pathogens without signs of illness. A new survey shows that other viruses can still be bad for the winged mammals.

A spotted ratfish swimming underwater

This ‘ghost shark’ has teeth on its forehead

Spotted ratfish, or “ghost sharks,” have forehead teeth that help them grasp onto mates. It’s the first time teeth have been found outside of a mouth.

This black hole flipped its magnetic field

Event Horizon Telescope data reveal the magnetic field around M87* shifted, weakened and then flipped, defying theoretical expectations.


Staying on the keto diet long term could carry health risks

Months on a high-fat keto diet put mice at risk for cardiovascular disease and impaired insulin secretion.


MORE HEADLINES

FROM SCIENCE NEWS EXPLORES

   

Fast-pitch softball player Carrie Norman throws a pitch at the Australian Women’s Fast-pitch Softball Championships in Sydney

   

How to make a pitched ball curve to your will


Every fan of Newtonian physics knows that what goes up must come down, and this is generally true in baseball. The trick is that a skilled pitcher can make the ball fly in ways that cannot be explained by gravity alone. As Wendy Orlando reveals in Science News Explores, our publication for curious younger readers, the pros in baseball, fast-pitch softball and cricket know how to grip and release the ball to defy gravity.


With a lot of practice, pitchers can control how the ball spins as it zooms toward home plate. Spin triggers the Magnus effect, an added push on the ball caused by airflow. Pitchers can manipulate the Magnus effect to throw curveballs (when the ball drops more than expected) and fastballs (when the ball barely drops at all). But that’s only the beginning. Click here to find out how pitchers also use different grip styles and even the seam on the ball to baffle batters.

 

Digital

 

EXTRA CURIOUS 

An illustration of colorful puzzle pieces

Math puzzle: The four islands


Can math solve border disputes? In the October issue of Science News magazine, puzzlemaker Ben Orlin challenges you to decipher the secret maps of four islands, newly redrawn to place equal portions of each one under the rule of one of four queens. You’ll need to draw on spatial reasoning and logic to solve this Tetris-like brain teaser.

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ONE LAST THING ...

Humans are primed to look for patterns, and usually that’s a good thing. Seeing patterns helps astronomers figure out how planets move in the solar system, just as it helps biologists discover new species. But if we’re too eager to find a pattern before there’s enough data to support it, things can get messy. 


Laura Sanders confronted the mess head on this week with her insightful coverage of the Trump administration’s claims that Tylenol causes autism. A trained biologist, Sanders deftly cuts through the inaccuracies and logical fallacies to explain why this is yet another example of the oft-repeated refrain “correlation is not causation.”


In her analysis, Sanders also reminds readers that every medicine is about risks versus benefits. It may seem easy enough to tell pregnant people to stop taking painkillers. But pain and fever during pregnancy carry their own risks of harm to the parent and the fetus. What’s more, she notes, the underlying message that autism needs a cure ignores what many autistic people actually say they need: better support systems and less stigma.


I’m so proud to see my colleagues engaging with this important coverage to keep everyone better informed. Thanks for reading, and stay tuned for next week’s science roundup. — Victoria Jaggard, Executive Editor

 

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